General Characteristics of Pipe Flow

Pipe flow refers to the movement of fluids through a closed conduit, typically a cylindrical pipe...

Reynolds Number

The Reynolds number (\( Re \)) is a dimensionless quantity used to predict the flow regime in a pipe. It is given by:

\[ Re = \frac{\rho v D}{\mu} \]

Pressure Drop

The Darcy-Weisbach equation is commonly used to calculate the pressure drop:

\[ \Delta P = f \frac{L}{D} \frac{\rho v^2}{2} \]

Friction Factor

For laminar flow, the friction factor is given by:

\[ f = \frac{64}{Re} \]

Flow Rate

The volumetric flow rate (\( Q \)) in a pipe is given by:

\[ Q = A v \]

Energy Considerations

The Bernoulli equation is:

\[ \frac{v^2}{2g} + z + \frac{p}{\rho g} = \text{constant} \]